全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5373篇 |
免费 | 259篇 |
国内免费 | 598篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2003篇 |
晶体学 | 11篇 |
力学 | 57篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
数学 | 3413篇 |
物理学 | 726篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 127篇 |
2022年 | 99篇 |
2021年 | 121篇 |
2020年 | 162篇 |
2019年 | 158篇 |
2018年 | 157篇 |
2017年 | 152篇 |
2016年 | 114篇 |
2015年 | 132篇 |
2014年 | 205篇 |
2013年 | 724篇 |
2012年 | 160篇 |
2011年 | 233篇 |
2010年 | 163篇 |
2009年 | 298篇 |
2008年 | 333篇 |
2007年 | 378篇 |
2006年 | 286篇 |
2005年 | 274篇 |
2004年 | 279篇 |
2003年 | 249篇 |
2002年 | 212篇 |
2001年 | 175篇 |
2000年 | 167篇 |
1999年 | 133篇 |
1998年 | 131篇 |
1997年 | 141篇 |
1996年 | 80篇 |
1995年 | 59篇 |
1994年 | 42篇 |
1993年 | 50篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 26篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 20篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有6230条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Theoretical and experimental research on the self‐assembled system of molecularly imprinted polymers formed by salbutamol and methacrylic acid 下载免费PDF全文
The quantum chemical method was applied for screening functional monomers in the rational design of salbutamol‐imprinted polymers. Salbutamol was the template molecule, and methacrylic acid was the single functional monomer. The LC‐WPBE/6–31G(d,p) method was used to investigate the geometry optimization, active sites, natural bond orbital charges, binding energies of the imprinted molecule, and solvation energy. The mechanism of action between salbutamol and methacrylic acid was also discussed. The theoretical results show that salbutamol interacts with functional monomers by hydrogen bonds, and the salbutamol‐imprinted polymers with a ratio of 1:4 (salbutamol/methacrylic acid) in acetonitrile had the highest stability. The salbutamol‐imprinted polymers were prepared by precipitation polymerization. The experimental results indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity for salbutamol toward molecularly imprinted polymers was 7.33 mg/g, and the molecularly imprinted polymers had a higher selectivity for salbutamol than for norepinephrine and terbutaline sulfate. Herein, the studies can provide theoretical and experimental references for the salbutamol molecular imprinted system. 相似文献
62.
Natural resource depletion, negative environmental effects and the challenge to secure global food security led to the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In need to explore underutilized sustainable protein sources, this study aims at isolating protein from cowpea by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), where the techno-functional characteristics of the protein isolates were studied at different sonication conditions i.e., 100 W and 200 W at processing times ranging from 5 to 20 min. The US at 200 W-10 min produced the optimal results for all properties. In this process combination, there was an increase in protein yield, solubility, water-holding capacity, foaming capacity and stability, emulsion activity and stability, zeta-potential, and in-vitro protein digestibility from 31.78% to 58.96%, 57.26% to 68.85%, 3.06 g/g to 3.68 g/g 70.64% to 83.74%, 30.76% to 60.01%, 47.48% to 64.26%, 56.59% to 87.71%, –32.9 mV to −44.2 mV and 88.27% to 89.99%, respectively and particle size dropped from 763 nm to 559 nm in comparison to control. The microstructure and secondary-structure alterations of proteins caused by sonication were validated by SEM images, SDS-PAGE, and FTIR analyses. Sonication leads to acoustic cavitation and penetrate the cell walls, improving extraction from the solid to liquid phase. After sonication, the hydrophobic protein groups were exposed and proteins were partially denatured which increased its functionality. The findings demonstrated that UAE of cowpea protein improved yield, modify characteristics to fit the needs of the food industry, and contribute to achieving SDGs 2, 3, 7, 12, and 13. 相似文献
63.
以蔗渣木聚糖(BX)为主要原料、氨基三磺酸钠为酯化剂,在一步酯化合成磺酸基蔗渣木聚糖酯的基础上,利用磺酸基蔗渣木聚糖酯和对羟基苯甲酸进行二步酯化反应,合成了磺酸基蔗渣木聚糖对羟基苯甲酸酯,并考察了反应条件对酯化反应的影响,通过单因素实验确定了第二步酯化反应较佳的合成工艺条件.蔗渣木聚糖酯化改性前后的样品分别用FT-IR,DG-DTG和XRD进行了表征,并对该双酯化衍生物的分子进行了优化与活性模拟.结果表明:FT-IR证明双酯化产物含有磺酸基团和对羟基苯甲酸酯基团,TG-DTG分析表明该双酯化衍生物的热稳定性提高,XRD说明发生双酯化改性后分子排列的规整性提高,结晶度增加;活性模拟实现了磺酸基蔗渣木聚糖对羟基苯甲酸酯与艾滋病毒的对接. 相似文献
64.
65.
66.
单宁酸(Tannic acid,TA)是一种天然植物多元酚,广泛分布于各类植物的根、茎、叶及果实中,具有价格低廉、来源广泛、生物相容性好等特点。单宁酸分子内含有大量酚羟基和酯基活性官能团,具有高化学反应活性。由于其特殊的分子结构——大量疏水芳香环和亲水酚羟基的存在,单宁酸还易与各种分子或基团形成氢键、静电、疏水和π-π堆叠等多种相互作用,在功能材料领域应用广泛。本文总结了近年来单宁酸在功能材料领域应用的研究进展,其中主要包括贵金属纳米材料制备、表界面功能化改性、功能微胶囊构筑和自组装材料制备等,并对基于单宁酸功能材料的研究前景进行了展望。 相似文献
67.
68.
69.
《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2017,73(7):575-581
Kryptoracemates are racemic compounds (pairs of enantiomers) that crystallize in Sohnke space groups (space groups that contain neither inversion centres nor mirror or glide planes nor rotoinversion axes). Thus, the two symmetry‐independent molecules cannot be transformed into one another by any symmetry element present in the crystal structure. Usually, the conformation of the two enantiomers is rather similar if not identical. Sometimes, the two enantiomers are related by a pseudosymmetry element, which is often a pseudocentre of inversion, because inversion symmetry is thought to be favourable for crystal packing. We obtained crystals of two kryptoracemates of two very similar compounds differing in just one residue, namely rac‐N‐[(1S ,2R ,3S )‐2‐methyl‐3‐(5‐methylfuran‐2‐yl)‐1‐phenyl‐3‐(pivalamido)propyl]benzamide, C27H32N2O3, (I), and rac‐N‐[(1S ,2S ,3R )‐2‐methyl‐3‐(5‐methylfuran‐2‐yl)‐1‐phenyl‐3‐(propionamido)propyl]benzamide dichloromethane hemisolvate, C25H28N2O3·0.5CH2Cl2, (II). The crystals of both compounds contain both enantiomers of these chiral molecules. However, since the space groups [P 212121 for (I) and P 1 for (II)] contain neither inversion centres nor mirror or glide planes nor rotoinversion axes, there are both enantiomers in the asymmetric unit, which is a rather uncommon phenomenon. In addition, it is remarkable that (II) contains two pairs of enantiomers in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, molecules are connected by intermolecular N—H…O hydrogen bonds to form chains or layered structures. 相似文献
70.
不同等级煤与油共炼的转化率差异及残渣分析 《燃料化学学报》2017,45(4):436-441
选取安徽褐煤、辽宁褐煤和贵州烟煤三种煤为原料,以油溶性环烷酸钼为催化剂,分别与马瑞常渣(MRAR)、克炼常渣(KAR)以及催化裂化油浆(FCCS)在高压釜内模拟悬浮床加氢共炼反应。结果表明,不同的油体系下,两种褐煤都能达到83%以上的转化率,而对于贵州烟煤,转化率最高的FCCS体系与最低的KAR体系分别为67.75%和50.31%,相差很大。采用FT-IR和SEM分析反应后固体残渣,计算了固体残渣中脂肪族和芳香族中各个基团的相对含量,并对比了不同体系反应后固体残渣的微观形貌。结果表明,KAR体系的固体残渣脂肪链较长,支链化程度高,取代度较低。转化率较高的褐煤反应后固体残渣结构松散,分散度高;转化率较低的烟煤固体残渣随着转化率降低,残渣颗粒逐渐变大,表面更加光滑,板结程度加深。 相似文献